Trace out the entire path of the signal. It could also save you money, especially Fault evaluation is a significant element of the overall process as it aims to understand the severity of the fault. Get in touch if you need help finding the right course, or qualification, for you or your team. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. If the cause of a fault is not removed, the fault will recur even though the fault has been rectified. Rectification of the Fault. <>>> If the fault is not obvious it becomes necessary to trace the system through from beginning to end looking for a loss of function. Also an intuitive approach can be used but must be accompanied by a deductive technique. 100 : 5. What is a sentence using the word substitution? By asking him six yes or no questions, you can figure out what card he picked. ", Limble is the best thing to happen to this company, "Limble does such a good job at keeping track of what's been done and letting me know when and what I need to do next. Rectify the fault 4. When using the technique, you will have to narrow down a fault to its source. Most hydraulic issues can be divided into two categories: pressure or volume. It is also relevant to designers, specification writers, sales people and buyers. If the cable has a discontinuity or high impedance, the portion of the signal will be reflected back to the test equipment or receiver. If one is in doubt as to whether anything is relevant, then include it. For knowledge-based fault detection to work, we first need to establish a baseline. We have a range of options to help you maximise your training budgets. What is the equipment for test fault finding? You have two suspect switches left the two closest to the coil so move your lead between those two switches, half-splitting once again. At Intertek, our scientists, technicians, engineers and inspectors are highly experienced . Determine and remove the cause 3. Turn all switches off again. Failure codes can also be used to uncover a common problem among a group of assets and determine a long-term solution. It is the most important stage of FDD as all of the downstream processes depend on its accuracy. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Electrical Troubleshooting in Seven Steps. The fourth and final blog looks at an example of skills assessment. If you only allow necessary cookies, some features of our website may not work. Test the system, i.e. This helps reliability engineers provide validation and calculate the risk of failures, which will both have a big impact on maintenance requirements, recommendations, and optimization. You will be required to select the most . Take the management stress away from preventative maintenance. Systematic fault finding techniques . Identifying some failure modes is really straightforward, while others can be challenging and require extensive mathematical computations. Fault diagnosis methods may differ, but the steps to follow are generally the same. What is the six point fault finding technique? We can use this technique to predict motor bearing failure through sensory data collected from the bearing and the motor in general. &. At this point, we know the card is neither red nor a spade, leaving us with 13 suspect cards. If one is in doubt as to whether anything is relevant, then include it. mechanical structures, workholding devices and other company-specific equipment. Finding Electrical Faults At times, Finding electrical faults is hard. Such emerging trends are analyzed by Fault Detection and Diagnostic algorithms and can be used to find possible root causes which are derived and displayed on a real-time basis in live dashboards. The necessary preparation can be made to minimize operational losses on the packaging side of the conveyor belt. Use senses including: Smell burning Touch vibration Hearing - noise Observe machine running (if safe to do so) 6. %PDF-1.5 Proposed Method. Use telltale methods to prove the presence of the function at various parts of the system. During the course of assessing more than 1,000 candidates over a 15 year period, MCP has found fault finding to be the second biggest weakness in maintenance trade tests. Fault Detection and Diagnostics for another piece of equipment might indicate the increasing failure rate, along with the high impact of failure on overall system performance. The advanced FDD algorithms can be used to produce healthy motor stator terminal current signatures and compare them with current signatures under faulty conditions. Maintenance professionals couldnt have been more proactive even if they wanted to. 2) Fault find using unit substitution, 3) Apply these techniques to a break down situation. The diagnosis of the failure can be broken down into failure isolation and identification. The logic behind this approach is simple. In the early days, equipment maintenance was restricted to repairing faulty assets and performing basic routine maintenance based on rigid time intervals. b,Bdc8DjXB5l,Y5l,&-Vdc1jql,5l,z5l,:5l,G6I#E-rIu-m ZUFqFu5DF. Asking if the card is a king or higher reveals a no, narrowing the suspect cards down to two. Smart sensors perform self-diagnosis by monitoring internal signals for evidence of faults. The information that will really speed up the repair process is knowing the accurate location of the fault. Its fairly self explanatory, put the input IN then check the output at the OUTPUT. The large quantity of data taken over time process history can be analyzed using a statistical algorithm. Instead of immediately diving in and haphazardly attempting anything to get the equipment running, first, step back and determine three things. The failure evaluation is often added within the scope of FDD as it helps to understand the severity of failure on system performance an important aspect of maintenance management. Read our blog to find out what is changing and why. Since the rotor is a fast-moving component, one cannot install a sensor directly on it. This GLOMACS training course will allow delegates to interact and gain shared experiences of others along with: An understanding for the need for routine inspection and maintenance. 1) How is the equipment supposed to operate? Fault finding using the 5 step approach Manuals, flow charts, algorithms and fish bone diagrams Set boundaries model The 6 point technique and 5 whys approach Sensory inputs to fault finding Half split and Unit substitution approach Input to output method Function testing method Recording of methods Outcomes This is a one day theory based course that looks at a variety of fault finding techniques, methods and models to help delegates improve their fault finding and diagnostic techniques and corrective actions that can be applied to typical production systems and machinery. This has evolved from customers feedback to include root cause analysis it does not make financial sense to keep returning to the same issue. All the evidence collected must be relevant to the problem in hand. Turn the electricity back on. If the speed or the timing of the hand-off isn't correct, a machine could detect a fault and suspend operations. Let's review an old card trick to help demonstrate this method. London, 04 Oct 2023, Members: 1,095 + VAT Must be done before returning to service or re-starting production Must be taken after step 4 If not removed, fault will recur Based on analysis of evidence Consider all evidence and its validity Consider history of machine including: Past break down (history) Modifications Planned maintenance Use test equipment (built-in or otherwise) Refer to manufacturers manual (look for fault-finding aids) Question operator (use good social skills) Consider Packaging materials (bottles, cartons etc);. but it could also be electronics where you inject a signal in to a circuit and sample the output to seee if you get the right thing out lol. The 6-point fault finding technique is a method for finding and fixing mechanical operating malfunctions. 2. This could be a switch out of adjustment, a broken or loose wire, a safety door open, or pressure too high in the system. With the advent of fast computing technologies, big data processing, and advanced learning algorithms, traditional fault detection has evolved into automatic fault management systems that not only detect faults, but also identify the root cause and implement corrective actions to avoid future recurrence. If a mechanic can easily see all of the historical work orders, inspections, and parts associated with a piece of equipment, it's easier to narrow the list of possible causes of the failure. This piece of equipment has 10 safety switches that have to have their contacts in the closed position before the machine can operate. An example of this is when you first arrive at a piece of equipment, and you ask yourself if the problem is electrical or mechanical. If you want to continue your development remotely with your trusted partner, MCP, we have solutions. The purpose of fault identification is to understand the underlying failure mode, determine the size of the fault, and find its root cause. Design extra equipment into anew plant for problem analysis. OJ QJ ^J h! At every juncture there will be an electronic hand-off, in which the next piece of equipment is to take over. 3 0 obj Identify the Problem. It is important to know and to understand motor failures and faults to define the most suitable protection devices for each case.You also must know about important terms related to motor control and protection.. Even better when you consider our business is located in a completely different time zone (somewhere in Australia). You have five suspect switches left, so move your lead three switches toward the coil. Visually inspect the system and look out for damaged wires and possible faulty components. A yes takes us down to four cards. Their capability to collect, store and analyze data on equipment health and performance was simply too limited. Our Training Director, John Saysell, is at it again! In this programme we address commissioning from both a process and a practical perspective. This programme is suitable for engineers at all levels. Instead, it may be entire parts of a machine or process. An important aspect of fault isolation is that the fault has to be located at the lowest component that can be replaced. A circuit enable light on the control cabinet tells you that the start or circuit enable relay is not energized. Using this divide-and-conquer philosophy, the first action item might be as simple as asking a question or taking a voltage or resistance measurement with a multimeter. https://www.facebook.com/ElectricalConstructionMaintenanceMagazine, https://www.linkedin.com/company/electrical-construction-maintenance/, Contrary to popular belief, the act of troubleshooting is not always about your tools; it's often about your mind. By analyzing the return-of-signal time and the reflected signals velocity, the test equipment can detect the nature of faults in the cable as either an open-circuit fault or a short circuit fault. The objective of Fault Detection and Diagnostics in the context of equipment maintenance is to optimize maintenance costs while still improving the reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) of the equipment. The goal of the fault isolation process is to localize the fault to the lowest component that can be replaced. Being able to deal with faults and rectifying them is key to organisations that provide systems to other businesses. It may not always be parts of a circuit you're trying to eliminate. This course introduces the role of Duty Holders under the EAWR. This obvious first step is often overlooked. Whenever you're troubleshooting, it is extremely important that you follow all safety precautions and procedures. Applying this approach. Fault detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. In the case of the bottle conveyor system example explained earlier, the detection should be able to pinpoint the location of failure, such as the failure of the control card in the bottle capping mechanism. However, if you have a fault indication you are almost there. Locate the Fault. Principles of Systematic Fault Diagnosis Diagnosis of faults requires a logical and disciplined approach. Contact us if you have any questions about our training courses. Next available: These are also called balanced faults and are of two types namely line to line to ground (L-L-L-G) and line to line (L-L-L). Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. When a mechanical system fails, the most important thing is to find out the fault location and causes quickly and accurately. Metropolitan Electrical Contractors is your local electrical expert in fault finding and has 7 steps to help you with electrical fault finding. Split-Half Search A split-half search is a technique for systematically isolating the source of an issue. On existing plant add-in the equipment you need for problem-solving. If they show no continuity, then one of those five you just checked is the problem switch. Overview This standardis about your competence in diagnosing and finding faults within mechanical plant and equipment. Raw materials (eg effects of water on machinery). Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Turn each circuit breaker back on. Wiki User. With every step in the process, the troubleshooter eliminates half the circuit as the cause of the problem. Only 2-5 percent of system faults are symmetrical faults. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The FDD, as the name implies, contains the detection and diagnosis of equipment failures. This is done to improve the accuracy of isolation and reduce the impact of downtime. Analyse the Evidence. Fault finding techniques discussed and investigated. The equipment condition datasets are then processed by fault diagnostics algorithms, sometimes embedded within the equipment itself, to produce failure alerts for the equipment operators and enable timely maintenance intervention. If there is no fault, proceed to the next step. The fault detection and diagnostics algorithm is the core of a good fault diagnosis system. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Film is Sticking to the Vertical Seal. In this case, the less stringent maintenance strategy such as run-to-failure or preventive maintenance could be sufficient to manage the risk. This may be a simple task, as in the case referred to above, or it may be a much bigger one. Turn off the circuit breaker (the light will go out when you choose the right one). If the detection just points out a high-level failure in the conveyor belt, that is not really helpful for the tech performing the diagnosis there are multiple systems on the same conveyor that could potentially fail. These switches are all wired in series and might consist of pressure switches, flow switches, limit switches, and temperature switches. 2 0 obj In a sense, this is a continuation of the process of analysis. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. We use cookies to make parts of our website work, and to improve your visitor experience. Although it is difficult to achieve a sensor that can carry out self-diagnosis of all possible faults that might arise, it is often possible to make simple checks that detect many of the more common faults. The perfect example is permitting temporary switching overcurrents in electrical appliances, for as long as that doesnt significantly impact equipment performance. This mindset also introduces additional problems into the mix, which can make troubleshooting efforts even more difficult. It is an excellent technique for isolating non-destructive problems. Why does MCP use a logical approach to fault finding? There are two main approaches to fault detection: In model-based detection, we define a set of engineering rules that are written in line with physical laws that define the relationships of subsystems and components within the equipment. A Fault Finding a Technique that Works - Accendo Reliability by Mike Sondalini Leave a Comment A Fault Finding a Technique that Works What you will learn from this article. Preventive Maintenance is done before a failure occurs and consists of maintenance types like: Time-Based Maintenance, Failure Finding Maintenance, Risk-Based Maintenance, Condition Based. The 6-point fault finding technique is a method for finding and fixing mechanical operating malfunctions. We have learnt many lessons along the way. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. There are two main approaches to fault diagnosis - signal based methods and model based methods. 2023 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. Broken Light Switch. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 594.96 842.04] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Required fields are marked *. Other faults may include improper operating voltage, mechanical failure of components, and excessive heating or corrosion. For instance, a flat bicycle tyre might be the result of a puncture (the fault) in the inner tube. Identify the faulty circuit. This course suits managers and technicians responsible for the QA testing of metals and metal products. There are no pre-requisites for this course, though some experience of resolving breakdowns in the working environment would be useful, To find out more about virtual classroom training. What are the fault finding techniques to be used when the equipment fails to operate correctly? Make yourself familiar with the schematics and understand the operation of the circuit before jumping to conclusions. You ask, With the ace being high, is your card a 7 or below. A negative response to this question, and we're down to seven cards after asking only three questions. 20% : 5. An example might be a conveyor belt that will not move when started. If the circuit control voltage is still present, then the five switches between that point and the source are closed, leading you to believe the problem is in the five switches between your voltmeter leads. Contact us if you have any questions about our training courses. This is because the increased cost of maintenance is warranted to prevent major fallout that will be way more costly. Upon arrival, I asked what was wrong, and was told that the machine had been out of commission for the two previous eight-hour shifts. This is the third crucial skill for troubleshooting: half split, measure, and move. This simple card trick can easily be applied to the troubleshooting process. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); "I can track my inventory and it sends me emails when I'm running low on an item. These steps include collecting evidence, analyzing evidence, locating faults, determining and removing causes, rectifying faults and running a systems check. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. It does not store any personal data. In this programme we address commissioning from both a process and a practical perspective. Being non-static machines motors are subjected to electrical and mechanical stress.. Motor failures come in three basic types: electrical, mechanical . Test drive Limble's CMMS and increase your profits today! Step 6 Identify which parameters need to be evaluated. 2023 Institution of Mechanical Engineers. How do you find the fault in a light circuit? Your next step is to half-split once again. Test each half to find the fault Half Split Method Rectify the Fault Remove the Cause Locate Fault Analyse Evidence Collect Evidence Fault Finding Process Remove the Cause Locate Fault Analyse Evidence Here, John Saysell, Training Director explains what was involved. Design extra equipment into a new plant for problem analysis. 2013-05-01 08:55:01. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Answer (1 of 2): First, when you are young, arm yourself with as much practical and theoretical knowledge as you can. If voltage is still present, you have proven that those three switches are functioning properly. Here are six key points to consider: Collect the Evidence. Troubleshooting a pneumatic system is neither art, nor science, nor should it be viewed as hit-or-miss; it is a procedural effort requiring 12 steps to accomplish. If the fault magnitude is low, the system just needs to be able to endure the fault for an extra time until the fault is cleared by itself. This programme is suitable for engineers at all levels. Understanding equipment failures and developing strategies to detect and diagnose them is one of the key elements of equipment maintenance. The last step in the process is to check the system and make sure it can return to operation. endobj Frequently, past experience or detailed knowledge will help. Flexible spaces at our head office in Westminster, London, Helping NDT professionals obtain, renew or upgrade their qualifications, Internationally recognised manufacturer of flawed specimens in the NDT and NDE industries. Or want to train a group in house? Half-splitting can also be used in all types of circuits, not just series-wired switches. 1 What are the fault finding techniques to be used when the equipment fails to operate correctly? 3) listen to the sound of the hydraulic system, such as: the impact of sound; pump noise and abnormal sound; to determine whether the normal hydraulic system work. Chapter 3: Fault Diagnosis and Rectification. 1. The Limble team is very quick to respond to any questions and they are very open to suggestions. This interactive electrical troubleshooting training certificate course software will introduce the trainee to a proven system of troubleshooting. Our old Maintenance software was very difficult to use and was very expensive.". Gather Information Ask people when & how the fault occurred. Once the technician has established that there is an actual fault by inspecting the equipment, the device is then returned for repair, the technician must first locate which section of the device is faulty before locating the actual circuit or component that has failed. Fault finding techniques on pieces of electrical power equipment. mechanical etc. Intermittent wiring faults occur because of dirty or poor connections, internally broken wiring and damaged wiring insulation. Degegates will have developed a good working knowledge of basic fault finding techniques and methods which should make them more effective and efficient with problem solving faults on their workplace systems. Trace problems by going from plant to equipment item to sub-system. With the faulty subsystem isolated, you need to locate the faulty component (maybe more) and replace it. Chances are, you won't be an expert in repairing these devices, but you can take some practical steps to solve problems and help get your systems operational again in a timely manner. Here are six key points to consider: 1. In this short series of blogs we provide some customer examples of how tailored Assessment Centres can provide a much needed structure when looking to make improvements within your maintenance department. Using the half-splitting method, I quickly discovered there was a ground fault in a small junction box. B, Bdc8DjXB5l, Y5l, & -Vdc1jql,5l, z5l,:5l, G6I # E-rIu-m ZUFqFu5DF may. Have two suspect switches left, so move your lead three switches toward the coil so move your lead switches. Cards down to two location of the function at various parts of our website may not always be of! Algorithms can be used when the equipment you need for problem-solving while others can be replaced to localize fault! Been rectified to respond to any questions and they are very open to.!, so move your lead between those two switches, and we 're down to seven after. A spade, leaving us with 13 suspect cards model based methods is knowing the location... Failure codes can also be used when the equipment you need to establish baseline. Trainee to a break down situation any questions and they are very open suggestions... Check the output at the lowest component that can be used to uncover a common problem among group! At times, finding electrical faults at times, finding electrical faults is hard that the location! Split, measure, and excessive heating or corrosion ) 6 goal of the conveyor.. The troubleshooter eliminates half the circuit breaker ( the light will go when! Ensure basic functionalities and security features of our website may not work processes depend on its accuracy others! Heating or corrosion let 's review an old card trick to help you maximise your training budgets one! Series and might consist of pressure switches, limit switches, half-splitting once again,. Bicycle tyre might be the result of a puncture ( the fault has to be used when the equipment to... Set by GDPR Cookie consent plugin inspect the system and make sure can... Have two suspect switches left the two closest to the coil so move your lead those! Enable light on the packaging side of the circuit as the cause of the key elements of equipment is take. Might be the result of a good fault diagnosis - signal based methods and model methods! Three switches toward the coil, store and analyze data on equipment health and performance was simply limited!, measure, and move system and make sure it can return to operation be analyzed using statistical..., internally broken wiring and damaged wiring insulation to improve your visitor.. For problem-solving may not always be parts of our website work, we have a of. Asking only three questions minimize operational losses on the control cabinet tells you that the isolation. For the cookies in the process is to check the output at the lowest component that can be in! Operating voltage, mechanical failure of components, and we 're down to two every step in the process the. At the output based methods and model based methods when & how the fault start or circuit enable light the! Statistical algorithm the necessary preparation can be broken down into failure isolation and identification structures, workholding devices and company-specific! In touch if you want to continue your development remotely with your partner! For damaged wires and possible faulty components right one ) with current signatures compare... Wiring faults occur because of dirty or poor connections, internally broken wiring and damaged insulation... And fixing mechanical operating malfunctions different time zone ( somewhere in Australia ) what is changing and why suspect.. Monitoring internal signals for evidence of faults requires a logical and disciplined approach the rotor is a for! Not install a sensor directly on it out what card he picked breaker ( the light will go out you... Can figure out what card he picked, is at it again the trainee to a system. Apply these techniques to be evaluated coil so move your lead between those two switches, and temperature switches effects. You that the fault in touch if you have proven that those three switches toward the coil, flow,. Statistical algorithm have their contacts in the category `` performance '' proceed to the troubleshooting process feedback include. Two suspect switches left the two closest to the coil method, I quickly discovered there was a fault... Sense, this is because the increased cost of maintenance is warranted to prevent major fallout that be! Isolation process is to find out what card he picked, if have! We use cookies to make parts of the key elements of equipment has 10 switches.: pressure or volume safety precautions and procedures a much bigger one seven cards after only! On equipment health and performance was simply too limited name implies, contains the detection diagnostics. Directly on it been classified into a new plant for problem analysis do so ) 6 and... Contains the detection and diagnostics algorithm is the most important thing is to localize the occurred! The early days, equipment maintenance was restricted to repairing faulty assets and performing basic routine maintenance based on time... Right course, or qualification, for you or your team and disciplined.!, limit switches, half-splitting once again to respond to any questions about our training.! A logical and disciplined approach attempting anything to get the equipment fails to operate accompanied a., half-splitting once again be located at the lowest component that can be replaced of components, and we down! This is done to improve your visitor experience which parameters need to establish a baseline nor a spade, us! An intuitive approach can be used when the equipment you need for problem-solving to motor! Failure isolation and reduce the impact of downtime out when you choose the right course, or,! Proactive even if they show no continuity, then one of the conveyor belt that will really up! Are functioning properly detection and diagnosis of faults logical and disciplined approach sensor directly on.! Locate the faulty subsystem isolated, you need to be used when the fails., or qualification, for as long as that doesnt significantly impact equipment performance down situation both a and! Necessary preparation can be replaced split, measure, and temperature switches those five you just checked is the of. Whether anything is relevant, then include it continuity, then include.. Extra equipment into anew plant for problem analysis training certificate course software will introduce the trainee to a down... And they are very open to suggestions basic functionalities and security features of the conveyor belt that not! This method techniques on pieces of electrical power equipment, if you two. Are the fault detection to work, we have solutions was a ground fault in a completely different time (! An electronic hand-off, in which the next step performance '' good fault diagnosis - based. Visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads the most important stage of FDD all... Voltage, mechanical of these cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads the evidence knowing. Produce healthy motor stator terminal current signatures and compare them with current signatures under faulty.... Replace it be way more costly impact equipment performance to produce healthy motor stator terminal current under... Features of the function at various parts of our website work, we have solutions: pressure volume! Category `` performance '' half the circuit before jumping to conclusions thing is to localize the has! ( the fault will recur even though the fault has been rectified of Systematic diagnosis. From both a process and a practical perspective a controlled consent a deductive technique troubleshooting! Troubleshooting: half split, measure, and temperature switches diagnosis diagnosis the! Machine or process E-rIu-m ZUFqFu5DF implies, contains the detection and diagnosis the... Instance, a flat bicycle tyre might be a much bigger one be way costly. A statistical algorithm fault occurred card a 7 or below by going from plant to equipment to! Blog looks at an example of skills assessment, put the input in then check system... Five suspect switches left the two closest to the same issue reduce the impact of downtime in. Trainee to a proven system of troubleshooting process and a practical perspective issues be... If they show no continuity, then include it juncture there will be way more costly light... Your competence in diagnosing and finding faults within mechanical plant and equipment energized. The risk you with electrical fault finding techniques to be used when the equipment supposed to operate correctly suits! Fourth and final blog looks at an example of skills assessment two suspect left. Wired in series and might consist of pressure switches, flow switches, once... A 7 or below impact of downtime of circuits, not just switches... To prove the presence of the fault finding basic functionalities and security features of our website not... Its fairly self explanatory, put the input in then check the.. Extra equipment into anew plant for problem analysis others can be broken down into failure and! Result of a circuit you 're troubleshooting, it may be a simple task as. Training Director, John Saysell, is at it again is knowing the accurate location of the.! Determining and removing causes, rectifying faults and rectifying them is key to organisations that systems! Your team troubleshooting, it may be a much bigger one king or higher reveals a no, narrowing suspect... Electrical Contractors is your local electrical expert in fault finding techniques to used... Fault occurred basic functionalities and security features of our website work, we have a is! Instead of immediately diving in and haphazardly attempting anything to get the equipment supposed operate! Present, you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide customized.... Diagnosing and finding faults within mechanical plant and equipment and finding faults within mechanical plant and....

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